{"id":156,"date":"2025-12-23T11:39:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T10:39:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electriciteguide.com\/blog\/?p=156"},"modified":"2025-11-28T12:06:22","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T11:06:22","slug":"guide-choisir-cablage-electrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electriciteguide.com\/blog\/guide-choisir-cablage-electrique\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2blage \u00e9lectrique : quel c\u00e2ble et quelle section choisir selon la norme NF C 15-100 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le c\u00e2blage \u00e9lectrique<\/b> est l'\u00e9pine dorsale de toute installation. Pour garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (pr\u00e9vention des surchauffes) et la conformit\u00e9 (validit\u00e9 de votre installation), il est fondamental de respecter la r\u00e8gle d'or : la section du c\u00e2ble<\/b> doit \u00eatre imp\u00e9rativement adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 la protection (disjoncteur)<\/b> qui le pr\u00e9c\u00e8de.<\/p>\n

Quelle est la r\u00e8gle d'or du c\u00e2blage s\u00e9curis\u00e9 ?<\/h2>\n

Avant de commencer tout travail \u00e9lectrique, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est la priorit\u00e9 absolue.\u00a0Coupez le disjoncteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et utilisez un testeur de tension (VAT)<\/b> pour confirmer l'absence totale de courant sur la zone d'intervention.<\/p>\n

Le code couleur :<\/b> Respectez toujours les couleurs standardis\u00e9es pour \u00e9viter les erreurs de raccordement :<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Phase (P) :<\/b> Marron, noir ou rouge.<\/li>\n
  • Neutre (N) :<\/b> Bleu clair<\/b> (exclusivement).<\/li>\n
  • Terre (T) :<\/b> Vert et jaune<\/b> (exclusivement).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Enfin, toute nouvelle installation doit comporter un ou plusieurs interrupteurs diff\u00e9rentiels 30 mA<\/b> au d\u00e9but de chaque rang\u00e9e du tableau. Ce dispositif est essentiel pour la protection des personnes, car il coupe le courant instantan\u00e9ment en cas de fuite de courant (\u00e9lectrocution).<\/p>\n

    Quelle section de c\u00e2ble \u00e9lectrique choisir ? (Tableau NF C 15-100)<\/h2>\n

    La section du c\u00e2ble<\/b> (exprim\u00e9e en mm\u00b2<\/span>) est choisie en fonction de l'intensit\u00e9 maximale que le circuit doit supporter. Cette intensit\u00e9 est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par le calibre du disjoncteur<\/b> auquel le c\u00e2ble est raccord\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    \n

    R\u00e8gle fondamentale :<\/b> La section du c\u00e2ble doit toujours pouvoir supporter une intensit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure<\/b> au calibre du disjoncteur qui le prot\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Circuit aliment\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\nProtection (Disjoncteur)<\/strong><\/td>\nSection minimale du c\u00e2ble<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u00c9clairage<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n10A<\/span> ou 16A<\/span>\u00a0(max 8 points lumineux)<\/span><\/td>\n1.5 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Prises de courant standard<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n16A<\/span>\u00a0(max 8 prises)<\/span><\/td>\n1.5 mm\u00b2<\/span> (si prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par 16A<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Prises de courant standard<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n20A<\/span>\u00a0(max 12 prises)<\/span><\/td>\n2.5 mm\u00b2<\/span> (si prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par 20A<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Circuit sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 (Lave-linge, Lave-vaisselle)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n20A<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2.5 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Plaque de cuisson \/ Cuisini\u00e8re<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n32A<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n6 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chauffe-eau \u00e9lectrique (selon mod\u00e8le)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n20A<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2.5 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chauffage \u00e9lectrique (par circuit de 4500W)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n20A<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2.5 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Attention :<\/b> Pour un circuit de prises, il est fortement recommand\u00e9 d'utiliser du c\u00e2ble de 2.5 mm\u00b2<\/span><\/b> et un disjoncteur 20A<\/span><\/b>\u00a0pour plus de flexibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    Comment effectuer le raccordement et le c\u00e2blage ?<\/h2>\n

    \"Infographie<\/p>\n

    Une fois le bon c\u00e2ble choisi, la qualit\u00e9 du raccordement garantit la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'installation (pr\u00e9vention de l'\u00e9chauffement).<\/p>\n

    Le sch\u00e9ma de c\u00e2blage<\/h3>\n

    Dessiner un plan est indispensable. Il doit identifier :<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Le cheminement des gaines.<\/li>\n
    2. L'emplacement de chaque point d'utilisation (prise, interrupteur).<\/li>\n
    3. Le raccordement de chaque circuit au tableau (disjoncteur).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      M\u00e9thode de raccordement<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • Borniers \u00e0 vis (Dominos) :<\/b> M\u00e9thode ancienne. Risque de mauvais serrage ou de desserrage avec le temps, pouvant provoquer des faux contacts et des \u00e9chauffements. \u00c0 \u00e9viter dans la mesure du possible.<\/li>\n
      • Borniers automatiques (Wago) :<\/b> M\u00e9thode moderne et recommand\u00e9e. Les c\u00e2bles sont ins\u00e9r\u00e9s sans outil (ou avec levier) et le contact est garanti par un ressort puissant, assurant une connexion fiable et rapide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Le r\u00f4le de la mise \u00e0 la terre<\/h3>\n

        Le fil vert\/jaune<\/b> (Terre) doit imp\u00e9rativement \u00eatre raccord\u00e9 \u00e0 la borne de terre<\/b> de chaque prise ou luminaire. Il renvoie tout courant de d\u00e9faut (fuite) vers le sol, permettant au diff\u00e9rentiel 30 mA <\/span>de d\u00e9clencher, assurant ainsi votre s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

        Quelles sont les \u00e9tapes pour v\u00e9rifier l'installation ?<\/h2>\n

        Une fois le c\u00e2blage effectu\u00e9, la v\u00e9rification est essentielle avant la mise sous tension.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. V\u00e9rification visuelle :<\/b> Assurez-vous que tous les conducteurs sont correctement serr\u00e9s ou ins\u00e9r\u00e9s dans les bornes (pas de fils d\u00e9nud\u00e9s apparents en dehors des borniers).<\/li>\n
        2. Test de continuit\u00e9 :<\/b> Utilisez un multim\u00e8tre pour v\u00e9rifier l'absence de court-circuit entre la phase et le neutre, et entre la phase et la terre, avant de brancher au tableau.<\/li>\n
        3. Mise en service :<\/b> Remettez le courant, puis utilisez le testeur de tension pour v\u00e9rifier que les tensions 230V<\/span>\u00a0sont bien pr\u00e9sentes entre la phase et le neutre sur chaque prise.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          En respectant scrupuleusement ces correspondances entre la section de c\u00e2ble et sa protection, vous garantissez la long\u00e9vit\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de votre installation \u00e9lectrique, conform\u00e9ment aux exigences de la NF C 15-100.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Le c\u00e2blage \u00e9lectrique est l'\u00e9pine dorsale de toute installation. Pour garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (pr\u00e9vention des surchauffes) et la conformit\u00e9 (validit\u00e9 de votre installation), il est fondamental de respecter la r\u00e8gle d'or : la section du c\u00e2ble doit \u00eatre imp\u00e9rativement adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 la protection (disjoncteur) qui le pr\u00e9c\u00e8de. Quelle est la r\u00e8gle d'or du c\u00e2blage s\u00e9curis\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materiel"],"yoast_head":"\nNF C 15-100 : Choix c\u00e2ble & section \u00e9lectrique d\u00e9butant<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Choisissez la bonne section de c\u00e2ble \u00e9lectrique selon le disjoncteur (10A, 20A, 32A). 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